The Earth’s atmosphere is a layer of gases that surrounds the planet, providing protection from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet radiation, regulating the temperature of the planet, and providing the conditions necessary for life on Earth. The atmosphere is made up of 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and trace amounts of other gases, such as argon and carbon dioxide.
The Earth’s atmosphere is divided into several layers, including the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. The troposphere is the lowest layer of the atmosphere and extends from the Earth’s surface up to about 10-15 kilometers in altitude. This is where we live and where weather occurs. The stratosphere, which extends from the top of the troposphere to about 50 kilometers in altitude, is where the ozone layer is located. The mesosphere extends from the top of the stratosphere to about 85 kilometers in altitude, while the thermosphere extends from the top of the mesosphere to about 600 kilometers in altitude. The outermost layer of the atmosphere is the exosphere, which extends from the top of the thermosphere to the edge of space.
The Earth’s atmosphere plays a crucial role in regulating the planet’s climate and providing the conditions necessary for life on Earth. It absorbs and reflects some of the sun’s energy, helping to keep the planet’s surface at a livable temperature. It also acts as a barrier to protect the planet from harmful cosmic rays and other radiation. However, human activities, such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation, are causing the levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere to increase, leading to climate change and other environmental problems.